![]() ![]() ![]() He's worked as a state, federal and international prosecutor almost his whole career. What should we know about him?īUTLER: So, yeah, at different times, we were both prosecutors in the unit of the Justice Department that prosecutes public corruption. You worked in the same DOJ section that he once led. I want to ask about Jack Smith, the prosecutor, because I know you worked with him. KELLY: And I gather they said this had to do with - the timing was right because the case is shifting to Miami. Sometimes when people are investigated and they actually get indicted, they get mad at their defense attorneys. ![]() From the case, so this may just be a sign that Trump is revamping his legal team. After that, they have to get permission from the judge to withdraw.īUTLER. When there's a first appearance in court, as there will be on Tuesday, the defense attorneys have to file what's called a notice of appearance. KELLY: What kind of signal does it send that his attorneys quit this morning?īUTLER: That's very hard to read. For the crimes listed in this federal indictment, Mary Louise, even first-time offenders usually get jail time. Even if Trump is convicted in the Manhattan case, he is unlikely to go to prison on those counts. There's never been anything this detailed and this consequential in terms of Trump's criminal exposure. There have been lots of accusations against Donald Trump over the years. According to the indictment, he conspired with his valet to keep them from the government and to cover up what he'd done. And when he was asked to return these documents, not only did he refuse. In the simplest version, the indictment accuses the president of taking sensitive documents pertaining to national security that he knew didn't belong to him, including documents related to the country's nuclear programs and documents about how the U.S. This is what prosecutors call a speaking indictment, meaning it tells a story that anyone can understand. How serious are they?īUTLER: Very serious. It includes, among other allegations, that Trump and his aides misled the FBI about keeping hundreds of sensitive documents at a crowded public resort, that they allegedly stored them, among other locations, in a shower. PAUL BUTLER: Hey, Mary Louise - great to be here. Let's bring in Georgetown University law professor and former federal prosecutor Paul Butler - good to see you. Meanwhile, one name to keep an eye on - Jack Smith, the special counsel who pursued these criminal charges against the former president to do with classified documents. They resigned this morning from representing him, part of the fallout from this federal indictment. If you are trying to keep track of all the names of people caught up in Donald Trump's legal troubles, here's two you can deprioritize - Jim Trusty and John Rowley, Trump's attorneys. ![]()
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![]() ![]() 1040) carried out many investigations and experiments on visual perception, extended the work of Ptolemy on binocular vision, and commented on the anatomical works of Galen. Leonardo da Vinci: The eye has a central line and everything that reaches the eye through this central line can be seen distinctly.Īlhazen (965 – c. Plato makes this assertion in his dialogue Timaeus (45b and 46b), as does Empedocles (as reported by Aristotle in his De Sensu, DK frag. (In eighteenth-century England, Isaac Newton, John Locke, and others, carried the intromission theory of vision forward by insisting that vision involved a process in which rays-composed of actual corporeal matter-emanated from seen objects and entered the seer's mind/sensorium through the eye's aperture.) īoth schools of thought relied upon the principle that "like is only known by like", and thus upon the notion that the eye was composed of some "internal fire" that interacted with the "external fire" of visible light and made vision possible. With its main propagator Aristotle ( De Sensu), and his followers, this theory seems to have some contact with modern theories of what vision really is, but it remained only a speculation lacking any experimental foundation. The second school advocated the so-called 'intromission' approach which sees vision as coming from something entering the eyes representative of the object. This theory was championed by scholars who were followers of Euclid's Optics and Ptolemy's Optics. A refracted image was, however, seen by 'means of rays' as well, which came out of the eyes, traversed through the air, and after refraction, fell on the visible object which was sighted as the result of the movement of the rays from the eye. If an object was seen directly it was by 'means of rays' coming out of the eyes and again falling on the object. The first was the " emission theory" of vision which maintained that vision occurs when rays emanate from the eyes and are intercepted by visual objects. There were two major ancient Greek schools, providing a primitive explanation of how vision works. Much of the human cerebral cortex is involved in vision. ![]() The visual dorsal stream (green) and ventral stream (purple) are shown. Under optimal conditions these limits of human perception can extend to 310 nm ( UV) to 1100 nm ( NIR). However, some research suggests that humans can perceive light in wavelengths down to 340 nanometers (UV-A), especially the young. The human visual system is generally believed to be sensitive to visible light in the range of wavelengths between 370 and 730 nanometers (0.00000037 to 0.00000073 meters) of the electromagnetic spectrum. This conjecture is known as the two streams hypothesis. Recent descriptions of visual association cortex describe a division into two functional pathways, a ventral and a dorsal pathway. Extrastriate cortex, also called visual association cortex is a set of cortical structures, that receive information from striate cortex, as well as each other. The lateral geniculate nucleus sends signals to primary visual cortex, also called striate cortex. Signals from the retina also travel directly from the retina to the superior colliculus. The lateral geniculate nucleus, which transmits the information to the visual cortex. These signals are transmitted by the optic nerve, from the retina upstream to central ganglia in the brain. ![]() This transduction is achieved by specialized photoreceptive cells of the retina, also known as the rods and cones, which detect the photons of light and respond by producing neural impulses. ![]() The retina serves as a transducer for the conversion of light into neuronal signals. In humans and a number of other mammals, light enters the eye through the cornea and is focused by the lens onto the retina, a light-sensitive membrane at the back of the eye. ![]() ![]() ![]() The material has good chemical resistance to adhesives and most mild cleaning solutions. ![]() Solvent Resistance: Excellent Flexible PVC – Vinylįlexible PVC or “vinyl” is a thermoplastic polymer material that is widely used in the construction industry largely because it is inexpensive and durable. Service Temperature Range: -22° to +122° F These materials were selected because of their outstanding resistance to cleaning fluids and disinfectants as well as for their everyday resilience. Because of its unique properties, the material offers excellent design freedom in the field of architectural door seals. These are rubber-like materials that can be processed like conventional thermoplastics. Solvent Resistance: Fair PemkoPrene® – Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) – Thermoplastic Rubber (TPR) Service Temperature Range: -22° to +302° F This material exhibits resistance to moderate chemicals, acids, oils, and solvents. ![]() Neoprene shows good resistance to sunlight, ozone, oxidization, and water. We offer a wide variety of thresholds, ramps, jamb weatherstrip sets, press-on smoke seal, rain drip caps, door sweeps, and meeting astragals for virtually any type of door application. This material is included in a family of synthetic rubbers that are produced by polymerization of chloroprene. Weatherization products for commercial doors. Service Temperature Range: -76° to +446° F It also has very good resistance to flame. This material has excellent resistance to sunlight, weather, ozone, oxidization, and water. Silicone rubber is generally non-reactive, stable, and resistant to extreme environments and temperatures. Solvent Resistance: Excellent Silicone RubberĪ family of high-performance synthetic materials, part mineral and part organic, also known as polysiloxane. Service Temperature Range: -75° to +350° F It is also resistant to polar substances and steam. This material has outstanding resistance to abrasion, hydraulic fluids, alkalis, heat, ozone, and weather. EPDM, a synthetic rubber, is an elastomer that is used in a wide range of applications. ![]() ![]() ![]() We'll eventually circle back to launch-window games for both consoles as more of a head-to-head console-war breakdown, but if you're coming to either new Xbox at launch with visions of triumphant, next-gen games to play, be advised that Microsoft and its third-party partners didn't help us make that case for you as of today's embargo lift. There's only a mild amount of truly "next-gen" content available to the press ahead of today's embargo. But with one major performance outlier as of press time, and some concerns about its value compared to Series X, I wade into the Series S half of this review more reluctantly than I'd like.Ībove all, both Xbox Series consoles have something in common. Sometimes, that pans out exactly as advertised, especially with first-party software like Gears 5 and Sea of Thieves. We certainly haven't seen a "next-gen" gaming machine this small and quiet since the cartridge era, and in some ways, its emphasis on "next-gen, but lower-res" is a smashing success.īut as of press time, I can't definitively confirm that the $299 Series S locks onto Microsoft's inherent promise: same gameplay as Series X, with the kinds of downgrades you can't perceive on a 1080p TV. Meanwhile, the X's diminutive cousin/sibling/homeboy, Xbox Series S, is remarkably efficient for its size, price, and power draw. This is a remarkable $499 machine. It's sleek, it's powerful, and its high-end games currently load at higher speeds than my own $1,000-plus testing PC can manage. I've already said glowing things about Xbox Series X in preview form, and rounding today's "review" corner doesn't change them. Thus, when I think about what each Xbox Series console gets right, it's usually in the form of, "I'd rather use a new Xbox for that." It's as if the engineers behind these consoles took Spencer's "Xbox on all the things" philosophy as a challenge, to beat most other hardware options in usability, power, and price. After weeks of testing each, I can safely say they were built to compete not just against other platforms (particularly Sony's PlayStation 5) but also against other Xbox-compatible devices like computers. This is where Series X and S become more interesting. ![]() The folks at Xbox seem like they're fine with that: play how I want to, so long as it's in their playground some of the time. ![]() Between my powerful PC and my Android smartphone, I can already play plenty from the Xbox ecosystem, especially first-party games (with help from the aforementioned Xbox Game Pass Ultimate service, that is). Like other power users at Ars Technica, I don't technically need either new console to play Xbox games. Windows 10 PCs, a cloud-streaming service, consoles old and new: they're all largely compatible with the same Xbox-branded software these days, and a single subscription service delivers over 100 games on each of them. As a public-facing Xbox figure, he's emphasized a major company philosophy since taking over in 2014: open up "Xbox" access to as many devices as possible. This is arguably a very good thing and a direct result of Phil Spencer righting the ship as the chief of Microsoft's Xbox division. This year's newest Xbox consoles, Series X and Series S, are the least imperative devices in the history of the Xbox ecosystem. ![]() |